Hanukkah, the menorah-lighting, latka-eating, and gelt-winning holiday, is one of America’s most popular Jewish holidays. This year, the holiday begins on the evening of December 25th and ends on January 2nd. But where did it come from, and why do we celebrate it?
History of Hanukkah
Hanukkah, also known as Chanukah, began its history around 200 BC when the Seleucid King Antiochus III’s son took control over the land of Judea. He outlawed Judaism and forced Jews to follow Greek Gods. After being massacred by Seleucid soldiers, Jewish priest Mattathias and his five sons led a large-scale rebellion. Over two years, the Jews had successfully driven the Syrian Monarchy out using guerilla warfare tactics. The Kingdom of Judah rebuilt its second temple and relit the menorah. Then, a miracle was said to have occurred when the oil lasted far longer than expected. Only having enough untainted olive oil for one full day, the flame flickered for eight nights. This prolonged period of illumination is why the holiday is celebrated for eight days and why it is sometimes referred to as the “Festival of Lights.”
Why is it such a popular holiday?
During the 19th century, Hanukkah wasn’t considered a major holiday in Jewish tradition. Neglecting most other holiday traditions, celebrators typically just lit the menorah. During the 1920s, gift-giving became more custom. This is often linked to the growing number of Jews in North America, and the amalgamation with Christian customs during Christmas. However, you’d be wrong to call Hanukkah the Jewish Christmas, as they are both their own holidays, celebrating different miracles. This year, feel free to play dreidel and wish your neighbors a happy holiday!
